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Studies & Technical Reports

Project background materials that have informed the environmental reviews and permitting are extensive. A selection of key resources are provided below.
1. Monitoring Reports

Monitoring Reports

1. Title 22 Water Quality Reports 2019 – 2023 Santa Margarita Water District Drinking water quality results from Cadiz aquifer wells.
2. Groundwater Monitoring Reports 1998 – Present (Annual) Multiple Annual groundwater monitoring reports under 1997 plan and 2012 GMMMP.
2. Science Studies
Cultural
Biology
Hydrology
Geology
Energy

Cultural

1.Paleontology Survey – Pipeline and Tie-In Area2011Paleo SolutionsPaleontological survey and mitigation recommendations.
2.Phase I Cultural Resources Assessment2011ESA ConsultingAssessment of cultural and historic resources.
3.Cultural Resources Survey Summary2012ESA ConsultingSummary of cultural resource surveys for project footprint.
4.Paleontology Survey – Wellfield Area2012Paleo SolutionsPaleontological survey of wellfield and staging areas.

Biology

1.Vegetation and Groundwater Levels Near Playas2011HydroBioEvaluation of vegetation response to groundwater pumping.
2.Desert Tortoise, Burrowing Owl & Biological Assessment2011Circle Mountain Biological ConsultantsFocused wildlife and general biological assessment.
3.Rare Plant Survey Report2011ESA ConsultingSurvey for special-status plants along pipeline and wellfield.
4.Biological Resources Survey for the Cadiz Valley Water Conservation, Recovery and Storage Project2019ESA ConsultingReport documenting findings of a biological resources and jurisdictional drainages survey conducted in the Cadiz Valley focused on modifications to the Southern Pipeline alignment between the wellfield and railroad right-of-way. Included as Appendix C of Addendum No. 1 to the 2012 Water Project EIR.
5.Biological Resources Memo for Northern Pipeline Conversion2025ESA ConsultingBiological resources assessment for Northern Pipeline alignment.

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Hydrology

1. Maxey-Eakin Methods for Estimating Groundwater Recharge in the Fenner Watershed 2000 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Recharge estimates for Fenner Basin using local precipitation-elevation data (16,000–33,000 AFY).
2. Geohydrologic Assessment of the Fenner Gap Area 2010 Geoscience Support Services Assessment of geohydrologic conditions at Fenner Gap.
3. Study of Cadiz Groundwater Conservation and Storage Project 2010 CH2M Hill A Watershed analysis using USGS Infil 3.0 model; inputs to 2011 EIR.
4. Effects on Project Operations on Springs 2011 CH2M Hill Assessment of potential spring impacts from project operations.
5. Streambed Delineation – Cadiz Project 2011 Circle Mountain Biological Consultants A Streambed survey to support Streambed Alteration Agreement..
6. Soil Samples from Cadiz Playa 2011 HydroBio Soil chemistry comparison between Bristol and Cadiz playas.
7. Cadiz Groundwater Modeling and Impact Analysis 2011 Geoscience Support Services Groundwater modeling of levels, quality, and interfaces.
8. Supplemental Pumping Assessment – Cadiz Project 2011 Geoscience Support Services Supplemental analysis of recharge and required pumping.
9. Supplemental Pumping Assessment – Cadiz Project 2011 Geoscience Support Services Supplemental analysis of recharge and required pumping.
10. GSC Summary of Findings and Recommendations 2011 Groundwater Stewardship Committee Peer review of operating, monitoring, and mitigation strategies.
11. Evaporative Discharge – Bristol and Cadiz Dry Lakes 2012 Desert Research Institute Measured evaporation at Bristol and Cadiz dry lakes.
12. Estimated Evaporation from Bristol and Cadiz Dry Lakes 2012 CH2M Hill Estimated annual evaporation based on monitoring data.
13. Fugitive Dust and Changing Water Table at Playas 2012 HydroBio Impacts of groundwater changes on fugitive dust emissions.
14. Review of Recharge and Evaporation Modeling 2012 Donald R. Kendall, Ph.D., P.E. Technical review of recharge and evaporation modeling for FEIR.
15. Response on Basin Groundwater Conductivity of Springs 2012 Miles Kenney, PhD, PG Investigation of spring groundwater properties for peer review.
16. Review of the Groundwater Hydrology of the Cadiz Project 2013 Aquilogic Inc Independent third-party review of groundwater hydrology.
17. Updated Assessment of Cadiz Water Project’s Potential Impacts to Bonanza Springs 2018 Miles Kenney, PhD, PG, & Terry Foreman, CHG Assessment of potential project impacts to Bonanza Spring.
18. Experts’ Review of 2018 Bonanza Assessment 2018 Coalition of 10 Experts Expert review of Kenney & Foreman Bonanza Spring assessment.
19. Evaluation of Zdon et al. Spring Study 2018 David D. Kreamer, Ph.D. Expert evaluation of Zdon et al. spring source study.
20. Review of Zdon et al. Spring Geochemistry 2018 Brian Schroth, Ph.D., R.G., C.Hg. Expert review of geochemical analysis in Zdon et al.
21. Review of Radiocarbon Recharge Estimates in SE Mojave 2019 David D. Kreamer, Ph.D. Expert review of Love & Zdon radiocarbon-based recharge estimates.
22. Independent Peer Review Panel for GMMMP 2019 Brown, Romero, Wildermuth, Parker Independent hydrology peer review confirming INFIL 3.0 recharge and equilibrium.
23. Bonanza Spring Hydrogeology Journal Article 2025 David K. Kreamer & Luke Stevens Peer-reviewed study confirming no hydraulic connection between Bonanza Spring and Cadiz wells.
24. Final Report – Bonanza Spring: Source, Connections, Flow, Vulnerabilities 2025 David K. Kreamer & Luke Stevens Peer-reviewed study confirming no hydraulic connection between Bonanza Spring and Cadiz wells.
25. PRISM Precipitation Data and Trends in Greater Fenner Watershed 2025 Geoscience Support Services Technical memo compiling PRISM precipitation data for Fenner-area basins.

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Geology

1.Cadiz Wells Analysis and Report2010Dr. John M. SharpAnalysis of wells and comparison with other karst systems.
2.Permeability of the Carbonate Aquifer at Cadiz2010Dr. John M. SharpEvaluation of carbonate aquifer permeability and test responses.
3.Karstification at the Cadiz Site2010Dr. John M. SharpOpinion on extent and productivity of karstic carbonate aquifer.
4.Geologic Structural Evaluation – Fenner Gap2011Miles KenneyGeologic structural evaluation for hydrologic analysis.

Energy

1.Power Requirements Technical Memorandum2010RBF ConsultingEstimated power requirements for wells and Southern Pipeline.
3. Economic – Social

Economic Impact

01.Economic Impact of Proposed Cadiz Project2011Dr. John E. HusingEconomic impact analysis for project construction and operations.
02.Update on Cadiz Project Economic Report2016Dr. John E. HusingUpdated economic analysis of project construction and operations.
03.Regional Economic Impact – Fenner Gap Mutual Water Company Northern Pipeline2025Greene EconomicsRegional economic impact analysis of Northern Pipeline conversion.

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